メディアと上手に付き合うために池上彰 海外で大きな地震が起きると、壊れ

メディアと上手に付き合うために

池上彰


海外で大きな地震が起きると、壊れた建物や建物の下じきになった人の救出作業の映像がテレビで流れます。このような映像を見ると、「これは大変な惨事だ。この国は大変なことになっているにちがいない。」と思ってしまいます。
ところが、実際にその国に行ってみると、大きな被害が出たのは、テレビに出ている地域だけ。それ以外は、ほとんど地震の影響もなく、普段と変わらない日常生活が営まれていた、ということがよくあります。
テレビの映像は、実際の様子を映し出しているのですから、うそをついているわけではありません。その映像を見ている私たちが、無意識のうちに、「この国は大変だ。」と思い込んでしまっているのです。
私たちは、さまざまな情報に取り囲まれて生活しています。その情報は、テレビやラジオ、新聞、雑誌、書籍、さらにインターネットなどを通じて入手することができます。私たちに情報を伝えてくれる伝達手段のことを「メディア」といいます。こうしたメディアが伝える情報を、有効に生かせるか、思わぬ失敗につなげてしまうかは、私たちの受け取り方しだいです。
では、私たちは、メディアとどう付き合っていけばいいのでしょうか。付き合うためには、相手のことをよく知らなければなりません。そこで、現代のメディアで代表的なものであるテレビ、新聞、インターネットの特徴を考えてみましょう。
まずはテレビです。テレビの映像には、実にたくさんの情報が詰まっています。例えば、ある地方でりんごの収穫が始まったという中継放送があったとしましょう。テレビ局としては、今年のりんごの出来具合などを伝えたいのでしょうが、テレビを見ている私たちには、その地方の天気の様子まで目に飛び込んでくることがあります。画面に出てくるリポーターの服装で、寒いか暖かいか推測もできます。インタビューに応じる人の話から、その地域の方言を知ることもできるでしょう。伝える側のねらい以上のものが伝わるのです。
大きなニュースが発生すれば、いち早く知ることができるという点でも、テレビの力は圧倒的です。中継であれば、今起きていることを知るという同時性の点でも優れたメディアです。
そのいっぽうで、テレビ番組は、なんでもそのまま放送するというわけにはいきません。必ず「編集」という作業が伴います。例えば、先に挙げた地震の被災地からの映像に関しては、地震の被害がなかった地域のことは後回しになります。その結果、大きな被害の映像ばかりが伝えられ、見ている私たちは、その国全体が壊滅的な被害を受けていると誤解することがあります。
テレビの番組は、取材・制作者によって必ず「編集」されているのだということを念頭に置いて、見るようにしましょう。
編集されているという点でいえば、新聞も同じです。新聞記者が取材し、編集者が紙面を作ります。新聞記者が、どこに注目して取材するかで、記事の内容は大きく変わってきますし、編集者の扱いしだいで、大きな記事になったり、目立たない扱いになったりします。また、あまり大きなニュースがなかった日は、普段なら大きく扱われないニュースでも一面トップになることがあります。紙面で大きく扱われているからといって、本当に「大きなニュース」とは限らないのです。
いっぽう、長所として、新聞は、紙のページをめくることで、さまざまなニュースを一度に知ることができます。ひと目で全体がわかるという「一覧性」があるのですね。さらに、テレビでは時間の制約があって詳しく伝えられなかった内容も新聞では解説されています。じっくり読むことで、そのニュースに詳しくなれるのです。テレビでは、録画しなければ消えてしまう内容も、新聞ならいつまでも取っておけます。
情報を早く知り、内容を保存しておけるという点では、インターネットが優れています。新聞の印刷・発行を待たずに内容を知ることができますし、パソコンの画面を保存したり、紙に印刷したりすることも可能です。
インターネットは、誰でも気軽に情報を発信することができるメディアです。それ自体はすばらしいことなのですが、インターネットに流れる情報も、発信する人や組織によって編集されています。悪意をもった人が虚偽の情報を流すことも容易です。悪意はなくても、思い込みで誤った情報を伝えてしまうかもしれません。つまり、内容が玉石混交のメディアなのです。ということは、そこに出ている情報がどれぐらい確かなのか、受け手として、一つ一つを確認し、自分で判断しなければなりません。まさに受け手の力が最も問われるのです。
私は、テレビを見ながら、「この番組の編集者は、どんな意図をもってこれを制作したのだろう。」と考えるようにしています。新聞の気になる記事はスクラップして、後日資料として活用しています。急いで情報を集める必要があるときは、インターネットで大量の情報を収集し、集まった情報を、「玉」と「石」に分けていきます。
テレビも新聞も、インターネットも、それぞれの特性をよく理解したうえで活用すると、とても役に立ちます。が、使う人が自分なりの問題意識をしっかりもって読みこなさないと、メディアに踊らされたり、大失敗をしたりすることがあるという点には注意しておく必要があります。

結果 (英語) 1:

To mingle with the media well

Ikegami Akira


flows in the TV footage of rescue work got buried under large earthquake occurred in overseas and broken buildings and buildings. Watch this video and see it's a great tragedy. Surely this country is in trouble. "And I will.
However, big damage was to go to the country and is the only region have come up on the TV. Otherwise, it is almost no influence,That it had conducted a normal daily life.
Does not reflect the appearance of the actual TV footage from lying. We have seen the video, but unconsciously, ' this country's tough. "And I assume it is.
Life, we are surrounded by a variety of information. That's TV, radio, newspapers, magazines, books,You can obtain through the Internet, even. Transfer means give us information that is referred to as the "media". Take advantage these media information, tied to an unexpected failure is as soon as we receive more.
We are media and deal with hopefully good?. To mingle with must know that the opponent well. There,Consider the features typical of contemporary media television, newspapers, Internet.
First of all is the TV. TV video filled with a lot of information. I suppose there is a broadcast that for example, in some provinces began harvesting apples. Can jump until the appearance of the local weather, we have seen the television as TV stations want to tell mark of apples this year, such as might be.You can also guess the reporters come up on the screen dressed in cold, warm or. You can know the dialect of the region from the talk interview. Is the side tell aim more than that.
Big news occurs, know early that even TV power is overwhelming. Is the media better in at the same time knowing what is happening now, in the relay.
In the 1970s TV showTo mean anything as to broadcast work. Always involves the work of 'Edit'. For example, for footage from the earlier earthquake affected areas had no earthquake damage areas that will be on the back burner. As a result, misunderstood and communicated with nothing but pictures of damage, have seen we have received catastrophic damage across the country.
TV showsKeep in mind that news gathering and production of always "being edited by", see.
Is the same newspaper also says that it has been edited by. Reporters newspaper reporters and editors who makes the paper. Noting where newspaper reporter, covering either the or article is treated depends largely becomes a big article on the treatment of editors, and inconspicuous. Also, didn't have much bigger news, theYou may become the top news unfeatured usually at one side. Really, said the paper heavily covered in from is not necessarily big news.
On the other hand, pros, newspaper, flipping through pages of paper as, you can know the news at the same time. It is a list of whole are understood at a glance. Also not communicated more, in addition to time constraints in TV commentary in the newspaper.It is, the news could be more carefully read. Contents will disappear to be recorded in the TV even if newspapers keeps taking forever.
Internet excels in terms of information about early, save the contents. You can know what to wait for newspaper printing and publishing computer screen, save, or print on paper is available.
The Internet isIs the media to disseminate information to anyone you can. Has been edited by information flowing on the Internet that it itself is a wonderful thing, but also outgoing people and organizations. A person with malicious false information to shed is easy. Even without malicious misinformation in the belief would tell. Is a mixed media content. It is certain how much information is out there, or as a recipientAnd check every single one, you must determine for yourself. It is exactly what the receiver power that demands the most.
While watching TV, I see editors of this show has no intention would be produced this. "And has to think about. Like newspaper articles and scrap, and utilizes it as the article at a later date. We will separately for information when the need to gather information in a hurry collects vast amounts of information on the Internet and gathered 'ball' and 'stone'.
To take advantage of television, newspapers, the Internet, the characteristics of each well understood and can be very useful. You must keep in mind to the point that people who use awareness of the issues of my own has or danced in the media and 読みこなさない, or big failure there.

結果 (英語) 3:

In order to better media and Ikegami Akira overseas in a major earthquake, stress, broken quite hidden buildings and buildings of the flows of rescue work in television. This video to see, "this is a great disaster. This must be a great nation is not. " And believe it. However, at the country, the region, the only significant damage on TV. Other than that, almost without the influence of the earthquakeIt is thought that the daily life, and usually does not change often. Television footage of the actual situation, that is, it is not a lie. We have been to see the picture without thinking, "this country." It had been thought. At our life surrounded by a variety of information. Information, TV, radio, newspapers, magazines, books,In addition, you can get through the Internet. We hope the media and means of communication that can transmit information. Such information to the media, can effectively connect failed, you get it, how to receive us. At now, we should be going out, and the media will do. In order to go out, you should know better. Therefore, theThe modern media is a typical example of television, newspapers, Internet, let's features. At first, the TV. In television, a lot of information is very tight. For example, suppose you had a relay with the apple harvest began in the country. Television stations and the performance of apples this year, I want to tell you, but we are watching TV, I have to state that the weather will be brought in.With the reporter's clothes in cold or warm or screen, you can guess. From the story of people in an interview, you will probably be able to know the local dialect. To aim at the side of one or more. If that is great news, also can learn quickly, and the power of TV is overwhelming. When the relay is happening now, and know that even in the point of media is excellent. On the other hand, in the TV showI cannot but what is broadcast. Always goes with the editing operation. For example, the disaster area of earthquake from the picture of the earthquake damage will not be put off. As a result, not only the great damage to the video, we see that the whole nation is devastating to misunderstanding and damaged. The TV show, theIt is covered by the producer, make sure that it is edited "in mind, let's see. In terms of the editing, and at the same newspaper. A newspaper reporter to interview, the paper makes an editor. The newspaper reporter to interview, or where attention is greatly changed, the contents of the article, editor at large, the article is to be inconspicuous. The news is not too large, dayIt may be in a front-page news is usually not greatly. Because they are largely used in the paper is not really big news "limited". On the other hand, at the newspaper, the advantages and the turn over the page, you can know the news at once. At a glance "and the whole list" is understood. In addition, the TV time constraints was given in detail the contents were explained in the paper.Read carefully the news in detail. TV, video content will be lost if the newspaper will keep forever. To know the information content in the early in the Internet is excellent. Without waiting for the newspaper printing and issuing can know the contents, and save them to a screen of a personal computer, it is possible to print on paper. At the InternetEveryone is a media that can feel free to send information. It is great that the information through the Internet, people or organizations to be edited. It is easy to flow, people with false information. Without prejudice, and with erroneous information may not be. In other words, the content of the media is a mixture of good and bad. That is, the information is there for sure how, as the recipientCheck one by one, you will have it. Just the most power regardless of the recipient. I was watching TV, "the editors of this program, has any intention of this work." You can think of. As a scrap of newspaper articles, is used as a material in the future. When in a hurry, it is necessary to gather information, collected a large amount of information on the Internet, the information gathered into a "ball" and "stone". AtTelevision, newspapers and the Internet, a good understanding of the characteristics and application, very useful. The problem consciousness and digested with sound of your people, and into the hands of the media, pay attention to the point that it is necessary for the fiasco. At